Scope and Methods of Political Science

POLS 320 | Spring 2022 | Dr. José Marichal

Instructor Information

Dr. José Marichal (he/him/his)
Professor of Political Science
Contact: marichal@callutheran.edu
Office Hours: Tuesday 10:45-12:15 / Thursday 12:15-1:45 / Or by Appointment
Office: Swenson 228

Who Am I?

I am a professor of political science at California Lutheran University. I specialize in studying the role that social media plays in restructuring political behavior and institutions. I published a book entitled Facebook Democracy (Routledge Press) which looks at the role that the popular social network played on the formation of political identity across different countries. My most recent work (with CLU colleagues Richard Neve and Brian Collins) looks at the ways in which social media platforms encourage antagonistic political discourse and how they could be regulated. In addition, I (with collaborators) am using computational social science methods on a number of projects including using machine learning to predict support or opposition to fracking on Twitter, a study of how individuals censor themselves when discussing politics on Facebook, and a project on uncovering the topic structure of Reddit comments on WallStreetBets. In 2018, I organized a mini-conference on Algorithmic Politics for the Western Political Science Association. Currently, I am working on a book that looks at the effect of the “Algorithmic Age” on political citizenship. I also write about diversity, multiculturalism and citizenship and I’m a massive US soccer fan.

Course Description

This course is an introduction to the rapidly changing field of scientific research in Political Science. As social media and algorithms become a larger and larger part of our lives, social scientists must adapt and learn the techniques of data science to answer questions in the field. As a result, this course will focus on three main areas: First, we will learn the research process by which political scientists conceptualize, count, categorize, measure, and interpret the world around them. Next, we will learn the statistical concepts that quantitative political scientists use to make claims about the world. Finally, we will begin to learn the tools of data science, namely the Python programming language and the data analysis packages that computational social scientists use. We will explore data science methods like machine learning, network analysis and natural language processing.

Learning Goals

CLU General Education Goals: Written and Oral Communication Skills, Critical Thinking, Information Literacy, Interpersonal and Teamwork Skills, Appreciation of Diversity, Quantitative Learning.

Political Science Department Goals: Critical Thinking, Information Literacy.

In this course, students are expected to:

  • Employ different theoretical approaches towards questions of interest in Political Science
  • Design a research proposal to answer a question of their choosing
  • Understand the basics of descriptive, inferential and probability based statistics
  • Understand the ways in which big data and data science are changing the nature of social inquiry
  • Complete learning modules that teach basic Python programming and the use of data analysis packages
  • Demonstrate the ability to work with other students in groups to present information

Readings and Resources

Assignments & Assessment

Interactive Tutorials (45%): I’m using DataCamp, a site that provides online tutorials on programming and data science. Each Friday, I will ask you to complete one section of a tutorial. These tutorials will cover the basics of Python, Pandas, Matplotlib, and data science techniques. We will not meet in person on Fridays to give you time to complete modules. (15 Tutorials x 3 points = 45 points)

Midterm/Final Project (30%): Each project will focus on a question posed by Harvard professor Richard Light and his course “Reflecting on your Life.” You’ll reflect on “What does it mean to live a good life?” and collect data to determine if you are engaged in activities consistent with your values. (2 assignments x 15%)

Research Proposal & Presentation (25%): Write a research proposal including a research question, critical literature review, hypothesis, method, research design, expected results, and references. You will also present your proposal.

Grading Scale

92–100 A | 90–91 A- | 88–89 B+
82–87 B | 80–81 B- | 78–79 C+
72–77 C | 70–71 C- | 68–69 D+
62–67 D | 60–61 D- | 59 or below F

Course Schedule

Week 1: Introduction

Jan 19 Course Introduction (Via Zoom)
Jan 21 SSR - Chapter 1: Science and Scientific Research

Week 2: Epistemology / Designing Research

Jan 24 BBB - Chapter 1: Introduction
Jan 26 Political Science is a Data Science
Jan 28 DataCamp: Python Basics

Week 3: Finding and Working with Data

Jan 31 SSR - Chapter 2: Thinking Like a Researcher
Feb 2 NS - Chapter 1: What’s the Point
Feb 4 DataCamp: Python Lists

Week 4: The Research Process

Feb 7 SSR - Chapter 3: The Research Process
Feb 9 BBB - Chapter 2
Feb 11 DataCamp: Functions and Packages

Week 5: The Role of Theory

Feb 14 SSR - Chapter 4: Theories in Scientific Research
Feb 16 The End of Theory?
Feb 18 DataCamp: NumPy

Week 6: Research Design

Feb 21 Presidents Day (No Class)
Feb 23 SSR - Ch 5: Research Design & Ch 6: Measurement
Feb 25 DataCamp: Transforming DataFrames (Pandas)

Week 7: Descriptive Statistics/Visualization

Feb 28 SSR Chapter 14 - Descriptive Statistics
Mar 2 NS - Chapter 2 and 3
Mar 4 DataCamp: Introduction to MatPlotlib
Mid-term Project Due

Week 8: Probability

Mar 7 NS - Chapter 4: Correlation and Chapter 5: Probability
Mar 9 NS - Chapter 6: Problems with Probability
Mar 11 DataCamp: Bayesian Data Analysis in Python

Week 9: Inference

Mar 14 SSR - Ch 15: Quantitative Analysis: Inferential Statistics
  • NS - Chapter 7: The Importance of Data
Mar 16 NS - Ch 8: Central Limit Theorem & Ch 9: Inference
Mar 18 DataCamp: Foundations of Probability in Python

Week 10: Survey Research

Mar 21 SSR Discussion of Paper Projects
Mar 23 SSR Review of Midterm/Project #1
Mar 25 DataCamp: Streamlined Data Ingestion with Pandas

Week 11: Regression Analysis

Mar 28 NS - Chapter 11 - Regression Analysis
Mar 30 SSR Ch 8-9 (Sampling/Survey) & NS Ch 10 (Polling)
Apr 1 DataCamp: Exploring Linear Trends

Week 12: Machine Learning

Apr 4 Big Data & Machine Learning
Apr 6 Final Papers/Project Workshop
Apr 8 Zoom Workshops to Discuss Final Paper
Apr 11-15 Spring Break

Week 13: Machine Learning (Bias)

Apr 18 Bias in Algorithms
Apr 20 Final Papers/Project Workshop
Apr 22 Zoom Workshops to Discuss Final Papers

Week 14: Natural Language Processing

Apr 25 Text as Data
Apr 27 Final Papers/Project Workshop
Apr 29 Zoom Workshops to Discuss Final Papers

Week 15: Network Analysis

May 2 Filter Bubbles & Networks
May 4 Final Papers/Project Workshop
May 6 Zoom Workshops to Discuss Final Project
Finals Week: Project 2 Due, Presentations, Research Proposal Due