California Politics and Public Policy

POSC / POLI 3XX • Fall 2026
Instructor Information Jose Marichal, Ph.D.
Department of Political Science
Office Hours & Location Swenson 228 (Hours TBA)
Contact Info CLU Phone: (TBA)
marichal@callutheran.edu
Class Meetings Mondays, Wednesdays, Fridays
(Times & Room TBA)
Drop Dates Add/Drop w/o "W": Sun, Sept 6
Withdraw Deadline: Fri, Oct 30

Course Description

Why is California—the world’s fifth-largest economy and the undisputed vanguard of progressive policy—so frequently paralyzed by the very crises it seeks to solve? How can a state with supermajorities committed to climate action, racial equity, and public investment struggle so acutely to build affordable housing, construct clean transit, prevent catastrophic megafires, resolve structural water deficits, and manage extreme inequality?

This course examines California government and public policy through the dynamic analytical tension between two foundational contemporary frameworks:

  • The Polycrisis Thesis (Adam Tooze): Shocks across climate, housing, public health, energy, and municipal finance are no longer isolated events; they are deeply entangled, compounding, and mutually reinforcing. The whole is more volatile and dangerous than the sum of its parts.
  • The Abundance Agenda (Ezra Klein & Derek Thompson): Progressive governance suffers from an institutional "vetocracy" and "everything-bagel liberalism"—where procedural hurdles, environmental review litigation (CEQA), local zoning vetoes, and fragmented bureaucracy manufacture artificial scarcity.

To evaluate these competing diagnostics, we anchor our policy debates in Deborah Stone’s Policy Paradox—contrasting the rationalist Market Model with the Polis Model—while mastering the structural mechanics of state and local institutions using the Open Oregon Educational Resource textbook.

Prerequisite Knowledge or Coursework

None.

Textbooks

Program Learning Outcomes

  1. Demonstrate a comprehensive understanding of political institutions, processes, and theories.
  2. Analyze complex political phenomena using appropriate methodological and theoretical frameworks.
  3. Communicate political analyses effectively in both written and oral formats.

Student Learning Outcomes

Upon completion of the course, the student should be able to:

  1. Analyze the institutional architecture of California state and local government, including the legislature, executive, judiciary, and direct democracy mechanisms.
  2. Evaluate contemporary California policy challenges through the competing theoretical frameworks of the "Polycrisis" and the "Abundance Agenda."
  3. Apply Deborah Stone’s Polis and Market models to dissect real-world policy battles over housing, climate, water, and public finance.
  4. Formulate evidence-based policy recommendations and articulate them through academic writing, memos, and legislative simulations.

Course Format & Delivery

This course spans a duration of 16 weeks and convenes three times a week on campus. The scheduled class sessions are held on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays, excluding campus holidays. The course materials, readings, and assignment submissions will be managed via the Canvas platform. Active participation in daily debates and simulations is a core component of the in-person experience.

Course Assignments

Assignment Type & Title Description Points % of Total
Seminar Participation & Daily Debates Active, informed contributions in seminar discussions, simulations, and breakout analysis. 150 15%
Weekly Analytical Reading Memos Ten 400–500 word synthesis memos connecting OSU OER chapters to Stone, Tooze, or Klein/Thompson. 200 20%
Midterm Examination Institutional mechanics IDs + theoretical essay on Market vs. Polis and Polycrisis vs. Abundance. 200 20%
Policy Audit 2,000-word empirical investigation into a stalled or completed California project (Due Week 8). 200 20%
Capstone Simulation & White Paper Mock Joint Legislative Hearing roleplay (10%) + 2,500-word legislative policy white paper (15%) (Week 16). 250 25%

Course Grading Policy

Student work will be graded based on analytical rigor, integration of course concepts, clarity of writing, and empirical accuracy. Grading rubrics for the Policy Audit and the Capstone White Paper are available in Canvas. Students can expect to receive feedback on reading memos within one week of submission, and within two weeks for major papers.

Score Range Letter Score Range Letter
Over 93%A73% to 76%C
90% to 92%A-70% to 72%C-
87% to 89%B+67% to 69%D+
83% to 86%B63% to 66%D
80% to 82%B-60% to 62%D-
77% to 79%C+<60%F

Course Schedule

Week Dates Topics Assignment Due
1 Mon, Aug. 24 - Fri, Aug. 28 Week 1: The California Paradox — Polycrisis Meets the Scarcity Trap
● Course Introduction — The Golden State as Crucible
● Theorizing the Polycrisis
● The Abundance Agenda & State Capacity
Syllabus overview; [California Department of Finance Economic Overview](https://dof.ca.gov/forecasting/economics/economic-indicators/) .
Read: Adam Tooze, ["Welcome to the world of the polycrisis"](https://www.ft.com/content/498398e7-11b1-494b-9cd3-6d669ff358c4) * (*Financial Times*, 2022)
Read: Adam Tooze, ["Chartbook: The Anatomy of the Polycrisis"](https://adamtooze.com/2022/06/24/chartbook-130-the-anatomy-of-the-polycrisis/) (2022)
***Discussion Prompt:** How does the concept of a "polycrisis" differ from simply facing multiple separate problems simultaneously?*
Read: Derek Thompson, ["A Simple Plan to Solve All of America’s Problems: The Abundance Agenda"](https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2022/01/abundance-agenda-housing-healthcare-energy/621215/) * (*The Atlantic*, 2022)
Read: Ezra Klein, ["What the Left Gets Wrong About Power"](https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/13/opinion/berkeley-enrollment-climate-crisis.html) * (*The New York Times*, 2022)
***Discussion Prompt:** Is California’s primary governance problem a lack of progressive values, or a failure of the state’s capacity to build?*
2 Mon, Aug. 31 - Fri, Sep. 4 Week 2: Frameworks of Public Choice — Market, Polis, and Federalism
● Deborah Stone’s Policy Paradox — Market vs. Polis & Goals of the Polis — Equity vs. Efficiency
● Federalism, Preemption, and California Exceptionalism
● Constitutional Foundations — The 1879 Constitution
**Stone** , Chapter 1 ("The Market and the Polis"). **Stone** , Chapter 2 ("Equity") & Chapter 3 ("Efficiency").
[OSU OER, Chapter 1 ("Introduction and Themes")](https://open.oregonstate.education/statelocal/chapter/chapter-1/) & Chapter 2 ("Federalism").
***Discussion Prompt:** How does federalism allow California to pioneer national climate policy, while constraining its ability to enact single-payer healthcare or immigration solutions?*
[OSU OER, Chapter 6 ("State Constitutions")](https://open.oregonstate.education/statelocal/chapter/chapter-6/) ; Excerpts from [California Constitution, Article I & IV](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codesTOCExpand.xhtml?tocCode=CONS) .
3 Mon, Sep. 7 - Fri, Sep. 11 Week 3: The Rules of the Game — State Constitutions & Direct Democracy
● Labor Day Holiday (No Class)
● Direct Democracy — The Progressive Weapon
● Direct Democracy in Practice — Proposition 13 and the Tax Revolt
**OSU OER** , Chapter 6 (cont.); PPIC, "California’s Initiative Process: Then and Now."
Peter Schrag, [Paradise Lost](https://www.ucpress.edu/book/9780520243637/paradise-lost) [Book/Library] (Chapter 1: "The Tax Revolt"); **Stone** , Chapter 7 ("Numbers").
***Discussion Prompt:** In Stone's terms, how did Prop 13 use the symbol of the "vulnerable homeowner" to institutionalize permanent fiscal scarcity?*
4 Mon, Sep. 14 - Fri, Sep. 18 Week 4: The Legislative Branch & Sacramento’s Key Actors
● Key Actors in the Sacramento Ecosystem & The State Legislature — Professionalism & Polarization
● Caucuses, Coalitions, and Legislative Vetocracy
● The Governor and Executive Power & The Plural Executive — Fragmented Authority
[OSU OER, Chapter 5 ("Key Actors and the Policy Process in State and Local Governments")](https://open.oregonstate.education/statelocal/chapter/chapter-5/) ; **Stone** , Chapter 9 ("Interests"). [OSU OER, Chapter 7 ("Legislatures")](https://open.oregonstate.education/statelocal/chapter/chapter-7/) ; Thad Kousser, [Term Limits and the Dismantling of Legislative Power](https://www.cambridge.org/9780521603171) [Book/Library].
**Stone** , Chapter 6 ("Symbols") & Chapter 8 ("Causes").
***Discussion Prompt:** Why does a two-thirds progressive supermajority in Sacramento still fail to pass flagship supply-side housing or single-payer health legislation?*
[OSU OER, Chapter 8 ("Executives")](https://open.oregonstate.education/statelocal/chapter/chapter-8/) ; [Selected Executive Orders from Newsom and Brown](https://www.gov.ca.gov/executive-orders/) .California Constitution, Article V; Case Study: Attorney General vs. Governor policy friction.
5 Mon, Sep. 21 - Fri, Sep. 25 Week 5: The Executive Branch, Bureaucracy, and State Capacity
● State Bureaucracy & "Everything-Bagel Liberalism"
● Municipal Governance — Counties, Charter Cities, and General Law
● Local Environmental & Sustainability Planning in the Region
[OSU OER, Chapter 10 ("State and Local Bureaucracy and Administration")](https://open.oregonstate.education/statelocal/chapter/chapter-10/) ; Ezra Klein, ["The Problem with Everything-Bagel Liberalism"](https://www.nytimes.com/2023/04/02/opinion/democrats-liberalism.html) * ( *The New York Times* , 2023).
***Discussion Prompt:** How does stacking multiple uncoordinated social mandates onto administrative agencies degrade their ability to build physical infrastructure?*
League of California Cities, [The Nature of Local Government](https://www.calcities.org/resource/the-nature-of-california-municipal-government) ; **Stone** , Chapter 15 ("Powers").
[OSU OER, Chapter 4 ("Small and Rural Local Government Environmental Sustainability Plans, Programs and Policies in Cascadia" by Steel et al.)](https://open.oregonstate.education/statelocal/chapter/chapter-4/) .
6 Mon, Sep. 28 - Fri, Oct. 2 Week 6: Local Government, Sustainability Planning, & Land-Use Vetoes
● NIMBYism and Local Control as Manufactured Scarcity
● State and Local Budgeting Systems
● The Fiscalization of Land Use & Prop 13 Distortions
Katherine Levine Einstein et al., [Neighborhood Defenders](https://www.cambridge.org/9781108701327) [Book/Library] (Chapters 1 & 3); Derek Thompson, "How California Blew It on Housing."
***Discussion Prompt:** Is local zoning control an expression of authentic participatory democracy (the Polis), or a structural mechanism of elite wealth preservation?*
[OSU OER, Chapter 11 ("Budgeting and Sustainability")](https://open.oregonstate.education/statelocal/chapter/chapter-11/) ; Legislative Analyst’s Office (LAO), [California’s Tax System: A Primer](https://lao.ca.gov/reports/2021/4416/tax-system-primer-041521.pdf) .
Paul G. Lewis, *Shaping Suburbia* (Chapter 4); LAO, [Understanding California's Property Taxes](https://lao.ca.gov/reports/2012/tax/property-tax-primer-112912.aspx) .
7 Mon, Oct. 5 - Fri, Oct. 9 Week 7: Public Finance — Budgeting, Entitlements, & Fiscal Volatility
● Budgeting in an Era of Polycrisis
● The California Judiciary & Deborah Stone on Solutions — Rules, Rights, and Powers
● Fall Holiday (No Class)
**OSU OER** , Chapter 11 (cont.); **Stone** , Chapter 11 ("Decisions"); [LAO Budget Overview (Current Fiscal Year)](https://lao.ca.gov/Budget) .
***Discussion Prompt:** Can a state execute multi-decade abundance infrastructure plans when its tax revenues experience wild boom-and-bust cycles?*
[OSU OER, Chapter 9 ("Courts")](https://open.oregonstate.education/statelocal/chapter/chapter-9/) ; California Constitution, Article VI. **Stone** , Chapter 13 ("Rules") & Chapter 14 ("Rights").
8 Mon, Oct. 12 - Fri, Oct. 16 Week 8: Courts, Legal Battles, and the CEQA Bottleneck
● CEQA as a Weapon — The Judicialization of Environmental Review
● Diagnosing the 3.5 Million Home Deficit
● Homelessness as an Intersecting Polycrisis
Jennifer Hernandez, ["California Environmental Quality Act Lawsuits and the Housing Crisis"](https://repository.uclawsf.edu/hastings_environmental_law_journal/vol24/iss2/4/) ( *Hastings Env. L.J.* ); Chris Elmendorf, "When Public Agencies Block Public Policy." 📌 Policy Audit Due Friday at 11:59 PM.
***Discussion Prompt:** How did a 1970 environmental protection statute evolve into the primary legal weapon used to block solar farms, bike lanes, and dense housing?*
Conor Dougherty, [Golden Gates: Fighting for Housing in More Expensive America](https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/588860/golden-gates-by-conor-dougherty/) [Book/Library] (Excerpts); PPIC, [California’s Housing Shortage](https://www.ppic.org/blog/californias-housing-shortage-is-limiting-economic-opportunity/) .
Margot Kushel et al., [UCSF Statewide Study of People Experiencing Homelessness in California](https://homelessness.ucsf.edu/our-impact/studies/california-statewide-study-people-experiencing-homelessness) (Executive Summary); **Stone** , Chapter 4 ("Welfare & Security").
9 Mon, Oct. 19 - Fri, Oct. 23 Week 9: Housing & Homelessness — The Epicenter of Scarcity
● The YIMBY Counter-Offensive & State Preemption
● The Ecological Polycrisis in California
● Traditional & Visible Services: Clean Energy and Grid Reliability
Nolan Gray, *Arbitrary Lines* (Excerpts); Ezra Klein, "The Abundance Agenda in Sacramento."
***Discussion Prompt:** Does state preemption of local zoning violate democratic principles, or is it the only antidote to regional collective action failure?*
Adam Tooze, ["Chartbook: California Wildfire Risk as Financial Contagion"](https://adamtooze.com/2021/08/17/chartbook-33-california-wildfire-as-financial-contagion/) ; California Dept. of Insurance Market Briefing.
[OSU OER, Chapter 13 ("Traditional and Visible Services")](https://open.oregonstate.education/statelocal/chapter/chapter-13/) ; Severin Borenstein, "The Economics of California’s Energy Transition."
10 Mon, Oct. 26 - Fri, Oct. 30 Week 10: Climate, Megafires, and the Fragile Energy Grid
● Clean Abundance vs. Conservationist Degrowth
● Traditional & Visible Services: The Architecture of California Water & Water Rights, Senior Appropriators, and Ecosystem Collapse
● Engineering Water Abundance in a Polycrisis
Ezra Klein, ["The Climate Movement Needs to Embrace Building"](https://www.nytimes.com/2022/05/29/opinion/climate-change-building-infrastructure.html) * ( *The New York Times* , 2022); **Stone** , Chapter 5 ("Liberty").
***Discussion Prompt:** In the Polis, how do we navigate the conflict between protecting local desert ecosystems and building massive utility-scale clean power?*
**OSU OER** , Chapter 13 (cont.); Marc Reisner, [Cadillac Desert](https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/323381/cadillac-desert-by-marc-reisner/) [Book/Library] (Excerpts).Barton H. Thompson Jr., *Liquid Asset* (Chapter on California Water Law); **Stone** , Chapter 14 ("Rights & Powers").
PPIC, [Priorities for California’s Water](https://www.ppic.org/publication/priorities-for-californias-water/) ; [CalMatters Water In-Depth Investigative Series](https://calmatters.org/environment/water/) .
***Discussion Prompt:** Is California water scarcity an unyielding physical reality of the climate polycrisis, or a legal and political failure to price, recycle, and transport water?*
11 Mon, Nov. 2 - Fri, Nov. 6 Week 11: Water Politics — Hydraulic Empires and Drought Realities
● Traditional and Visible Services: Highways vs. Transit
● The High-Speed Rail Saga — A Case Study in Vetocracy
● Transit Cost Disease and State Capacity
**OSU OER** , Chapter 13 (cont.); Ethan Elkind, *Railtown: The Fight for the LA Metro Rail* (Excerpts).
Ralph Vartabedian, ["How California's High-Speed Rail Went Off the Rails"](https://www.nytimes.com/2022/10/09/us/california-high-speed-rail-politics.html) * ( *The New York Times* , 2022); [CA High-Speed Rail Authority Business Plan Summary](https://hsr.ca.gov/about/high-speed-rail-business-plans/) .
Alon Levy & Eric Goldwyn, [Transit Costs Project Findings](https://transitcosts.com/) ; Derek Thompson, "Why the U.S. Can’t Build Transit Anymore."
***Discussion Prompt:** What specific institutional mechanisms explain why California public agencies struggle to deliver heavy civil infrastructure on time and on budget?*
12 Mon, Nov. 9 - Fri, Nov. 13 Week 12: Infrastructure, Transportation & High-Speed Rail
● The New Margins — Demographic Divides and Spatial Inequality
● Algorithmic Labor, AB 5, and Proposition 22
● Silicon Valley, Artificial Intelligence, and Frontier State Regulation
[OSU OER, Chapter 3 ("The New Margins")](https://open.oregonstate.education/statelocal/chapter/chapter-3/) ; PPIC, [Income Inequality and the Middle Class in California](https://www.ppic.org/publication/income-inequality-in-california/) .
Veena Dubal, ["The Drive to Precarity"](https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3100257) ( *Berkeley J. of Emp. & Labor Law* ); Selected court rulings on Prop 22.
Selected legislative analyses on SB 1047; **Stone** , Chapter 10 ("Decisions & Persuasion").
***Discussion Prompt:** Can California regulate Silicon Valley tech monopolies and AI without triggering capital and high-earner flight to other states?*
13 Mon, Nov. 16 - Fri, Nov. 20 Week 13: Inequality, Labor, and "The New Margins"
● Entitlements and Public Health: Medi-Cal & CalRx
● The California Master Plan for Higher Education
● K-12 Education, Prop 98, and the Local Control Funding Formula
[OSU OER, Chapter 12 ("Entitlements")](https://open.oregonstate.education/statelocal/chapter/chapter-12/) ; [Healthy California for All Commission Report (Key Findings)](https://www.chhs.ca.gov/healthy-california-for-all/) .
John Aubrey Douglass, *The California Idea and Higher Education* (Excerpts); Selected coverage of *Save Berkeley’s Neighborhoods v. UC Regents* .
**OSU OER** , Chapter 12 (cont.); **Stone** , Chapter 4 ("Welfare"); LAO, [An Overview of the Local Control Funding Formula](https://lao.ca.gov/reports/2013/edu/lcff/lcff-072913.aspx) .
***Discussion Prompt:** In the Polis, why does record spending per pupil through the LCFF still leave major achievement gaps along racial and geographic lines?*
14 Mon, Nov. 23 - Fri, Nov. 27 Week 14: Social Welfare, Entitlements, and Higher Education
● Traditional and Visible Services: Mass Incarceration to Realignment & The Public Safety Backlash — Proposition 36 and the Polis
● Reading Day (No Class)
● Thanksgiving Break (No Class)
[OSU OER, Chapter 13 ("Traditional and Visible Services")](https://open.oregonstate.education/statelocal/chapter/chapter-13/) ; Ruth Wilson Gilmore, [Golden Gulag](https://www.ucpress.edu/book/9780520242012/golden-gulag) [Book/Library] (Excerpts).PPIC, [Crime Trends in California](https://www.ppic.org/publication/crime-trends-in-california/) ; **Stone** , Chapter 5 ("Security"); [Prop 36 voter guide arguments](https://voterguide.sos.ca.gov/propositions/36/) .
15 Mon, Nov. 30 - Fri, Dec. 4 Week 15: Criminal Justice, Public Safety, and Incarceration Politics
● The Polycrisis of Crime, Drugs, and Social Disinvestment
● Reimagining the Golden State — Institutional Reforms
● Capstone Simulation (Part I) — Assembly Committee on California’s Future
**Stone** , Chapter 8 ("Causes") & Chapter 12 ("Decisions"); Selected academic criminological analyses.
***Discussion Prompt:** How do political symbols and numbers construct competing narratives of "law and order" versus "systemic reform" in California?*
Ezra Klein, ["How California Can Save Itself"](https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/21/opinion/ezra-klein-podcast-scott-wiener-housing.html) * (2024); California Forward, [A Roadmap for Governance Reform](https://cafwd.org/our-work/governance-reform/) .
Student teams roleplay lawmakers, executive officials, interest groups, and analysts debating amendments to the mock "California Abundance & Resilience Act."
16 Mon, Dec. 7 - Fri, Dec. 11 Week 16: Rebuilding State Capacity & Capstone Simulation
● Capstone Simulation (Part II) & Course Synthesis
● Finals Week (No Class)
● Finals Week (No Class)
Committee markups, roll call votes, and final course debrief: *Can California Deliver Abundance in an Age of Polycrisis?* 📌 Final Policy White Paper Due Friday at 11:59 PM.

Attendance Policy

Attendance and active participation are essential components of this seminar-style course and account for 15% of your total grade. Missing more than three unexcused classes will negatively impact your participation score. In the event of illness or an anticipated absence, please email the instructor prior to class to make necessary arrangements. Regardless of whether an absence is excused, students are responsible for all material covered and assignments due. Accurate attendance records are maintained for all class sessions.

Late Policy

Assignments submitted after the deadline will incur a 10% penalty for each day they are late. Assignments more than five days late will not be accepted without prior authorization. If you are facing extenuating circumstances, please contact the instructor before the deadline to discuss a potential extension.

Technical Skills and Technology Required

Please refer to the Student Resources section in Canvas for a description of general technology requirements. For this course, students will also need access to basic word processing software and the ability to navigate online state databases (such as the LAO and PPIC websites) to complete their Policy Audit and White Paper.

University Policies and Resources

Visit the Student Resources site in Canvas for links to relevant university policies and resources, including information about academic support, student support, and library services.

  • Classroom Environment: Discussions in this course touch upon contested political values, economic distributions, and identity. We will maintain an intellectually rigorous, respectful environment where students can critique policy arguments, assumptions, and institutional outcomes constructively.
  • Accommodations: California Lutheran University is committed to providing reasonable accommodations to students with documented disabilities. Contact the Center for Academic Resources at the start of the semester to coordinate accommodations.
  • Academic Integrity: Plagiarism and uncredited AI generation of written submissions will result in an F on the assignment and referral to the academic conduct board. All academic arguments must cite evidence and original sources accurately.

Addendum

Carnegie Hour Table (For 4-Credit Class - 15 Weeks + Finals)

Activity Instructor-Led (Weekly) Instructor-Led (Course) Independent (Weekly) Independent (Course) Remarks
In-Person Class Sessions 3.0 45.0 Seminars (Mon, Wed, Fri for 15 weeks)
Course Readings 4.0 60.0 Reading average of 4 hours/week
Analytical Reading Memos 1.0 15.0 10 synthesis memos over the semester
Midterm Exam Prep & Exam 1.0 1.0 15.0 Midterm examination
Policy Audit Research 20.0 Empirical investigation paper
Capstone Simulation Prep 10.0 Roleplay preparation
Legislative White Paper 25.0 Final capstone paper
Final Simulation (Finals Week) 2.0 2.0 Final capstone presentation session
TOTAL HOURS 48.0 145.0 Total Course Hours = 193